{"id":1041,"date":"2021-06-29T20:22:27","date_gmt":"2021-06-29T18:22:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.val-de-marne-environnement.fr\/?p=1041"},"modified":"2024-10-24T10:05:26","modified_gmt":"2024-10-24T08:05:26","slug":"le-livre-blanc-de-fne-ile-de-france","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fne94.fr\/index.php\/2021\/06\/29\/le-livre-blanc-de-fne-ile-de-france\/","title":{"rendered":"Le livre blanc de FNE Ile-de-France"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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VAL DE <\/span><\/span>MARNE<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>

S<\/span>u<\/span>r<\/span>f<\/span>a<\/span>c<\/span>e <\/span>: <\/span><\/span><\/strong>244<\/span>km<\/span>\u00b2
<\/span><\/span>N<\/span>o<\/span>m<\/span>b<\/span>r<\/span>e <\/span>d<\/span>\u2019<\/span>h<\/span>a<\/span>b<\/span>i<\/span>t<\/span>a<\/span>n<\/span>t<\/span>s <\/span>: <\/span><\/span><\/strong>1<\/span>,<\/span>328 <\/span>million <\/span>(<\/span>2019<\/span>)
<\/span><\/span>N<\/span>o<\/span>m<\/span>b<\/span>r<\/span>e <\/span>d<\/span>\u2019<\/span>e<\/span>m<\/span>p<\/span>l<\/span>o<\/span>i<\/span>s <\/span><\/strong>:<\/strong> <\/span><\/span><\/span>517<\/span>235
<\/span><\/span>D<\/span>e<\/span>u<\/span>x <\/span>p<\/span>\u00f4<\/span>l<\/span>e<\/span>s <\/span>m<\/span>a<\/span>j<\/span>e<\/span>u<\/span>r<\/span>s\u00a0 <\/span><\/strong>:<\/strong> <\/span><\/span>a\u00e9roport <\/span>d<\/span>\u2019<\/span>Orly <\/span><\/span>(<\/span>170<\/span>000 <\/span>emplois<\/span>) <\/span>et <\/span>le <\/span>March\u00e9 <\/span>d<\/span>\u2019<\/span>int\u00e9r\u00eat <\/span><\/span>national <\/span>de <\/span>Rungis <\/span>(<\/span>1200 <\/span>entreprises <\/span><\/span>implant\u00e9es<\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Am\u00e9nagements<\/h2>

<\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a> L<\/span><\/span>\u2019urbanisme du d\u00e9partement se caract\u00e9rise par un tissu pavillonnaire avec des zones de nature encore relativement pr\u00e9serv\u00e9es et dont le b\u00e9n\u00e9fice profite \u00e0 tous, en contribuant \u00e0 pr\u00e9server la biodiversit\u00e9 et \u00e0 mod\u00e9rer la hausse des temp\u00e9ratures. Or,l<\/span><\/span>\u2019implantation des gares du Grand Paris vient menacer ces espaces,en encourageant la prolif\u00e9ration des bureaux dans leurs alentours, transformant les petites parcelles priv\u00e9es en zones b\u00e9tonn\u00e9es. De mani\u00e8re g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, les communes sont encourag\u00e9es par la pr\u00e9fecture \u00e0 atteindre des objectifs de construction hauts plac\u00e9s<\/span><\/span>\u2013d\u00e9passant les seuls objectifs de logements sociaux.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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<\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a><\/a> On assiste ainsi  \u00e0 la multiplication des projets de bureaux de plusieurs milliers de m\u00b2, sur des emplacements dont la pertinence reste \u00e0 prouver. Il nous semble important de ne pas copier\/coller les projets de gare du Grand Paris mais d<\/span><\/span>\u2019inscrire ces gares dans le projet d<\/span><\/span>\u2019urbanisme des communes concern\u00e9es. Les gares du RER de Nogent-sur-Marne et Val-de-Fontenay font par exemple d\u00e9j\u00e0 l<\/span><\/span>\u2019objet d<\/span><\/span>\u2019une fr\u00e9n\u00e9sie de construction de bureaux, quand certains (Nogent-Le-Perreux) sont vacants depuis plusieurs d\u00e9cennies. Plut\u00f4t que de continuer \u00e0 construire et b\u00e9tonner encore ces espaces, la gare pourrait jouer un r\u00f4le strat\u00e9gique dans l<\/span><\/span>\u2019acc\u00e8s aux infrastructures sportives et de plein air du Perreux et des communes limitrophes : la Marne, ses berges, ses \u00eeles, ses activit\u00e9s nautiques, ses chemins de randonn\u00e9e, le parc du Tremblay. Les associations du r\u00e9seau de Val-de-Marne environnement souhaitent promouvoir le cadre de vie champ\u00eatre et l<\/span><\/span>\u2019esprit village qui r\u00e8gne dans plusieurs communes du Val de Marne, comme  \u00e0 Marne La Coquette : cette organisation de l<\/span><\/span>\u2019espace concilie espaces de nature et zones pavillonnaires mod\u00e9r\u00e9es. Hormis cette probl\u00e9matique structurelle du d\u00e9partement, l<\/span><\/span>\u2019op\u00e9ration Orly Rungis Seine Amont, class\u00e9e d<\/span><\/span>\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat national, va encore acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer l’<\/span><\/span>artificialisation galopante<\/span><\/span> \u2013 qui plus est, pour partie dans une zone inondable. Plusieurs projets ont cependant \u00e9t\u00e9 am\u00e9lior\u00e9s \u00e0 la suite de concertations, comme les abords de la gare de Gentilly o\u00f9 une parcelle de 5 ha a pu \u00eatre pr\u00e9serv\u00e9e de la construction.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 D\u00e9chets<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Les incin\u00e9rateurs \u00e0 d\u00e9chets, comme celui en projet \u00e0 Villejuif, produisent des mol\u00e9cules hautement toxiques : m\u00e9taux lourds, particules fines, dioxines. Si les \u00e9missions de ces mol\u00e9cules se maintiennent en de\u00e7\u00e0 des normes, cela n<\/span><\/span>\u2019atteste pourtant pas d<\/span><\/span>\u2019une innocuit\u00e9 : les doses sont mesur\u00e9es \u00e0 partir de la sortie de chemin\u00e9e, ignorant les concentrations au sol induites par les pr\u00e9cipitations. Les accidents d<\/span><\/span>\u2019exploitation entra\u00eenent par ailleurs des d\u00e9passements temporaires des normes, qui sont, elles, des moyennes annuelles. Hormis la mobilisation contre l’incin\u00e9rateur, l<\/span><\/span>\u2019association Agir \u00e0 Villejuif est par ailleurs \u00e0 l<\/span><\/span>\u2019origine d<\/span><\/span>\u2019une  mobilisation de longue date pour la collecte et la sensibilisation sur les objets amiant\u00e9s et les objets contenant du mercure<\/span><\/span> \u2013 collecte n’ayant jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 proprement d\u00e9ploy\u00e9e.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Mobilit\u00e9<\/h2>\n

L<\/span>e <\/span>d<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>v<\/span>e<\/span>l<\/span>o<\/span>p<\/span>p<\/span>e<\/span>m<\/span>e<\/span>n<\/span>t <\/span>d<\/span>e<\/span>s <\/span>t<\/span>r<\/span>a<\/span>n<\/span>s<\/span>p<\/span>o<\/span>r<\/span>t<\/span>s <\/span>d<\/span>i<\/span>t<\/span>s <\/span>d<\/span>e <\/span>\u00ab<\/span><\/span>m<\/span>o<\/span>b<\/span>i<\/span>l<\/span>i<\/span>t<\/span>\u00e9 <\/span>d<\/span>o<\/span>u<\/span>c<\/span>e<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>e<\/span>n <\/span>V<\/span>a<\/span>l <\/span>d<\/span>e <\/span>M<\/span>a<\/span>r<\/span>n<\/span>e <\/span>s<\/span>e <\/span>f<\/span>a<\/span>i<\/span>t <\/span>a<\/span>u <\/span><\/span>d<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>t<\/span>r<\/span>i<\/span>m<\/span>e<\/span>n<\/span>t <\/span>d<\/span>e<\/span>s <\/span>t<\/span>r<\/span>a<\/span>m<\/span>e<\/span>s <\/span>v<\/span>e<\/span>r<\/span>t<\/span>e<\/span>s <\/span><\/span>(<\/span>et <\/span>bleues<\/span>)<\/span>, <\/span><\/span>pourtant <\/span>prot\u00e9g\u00e9es <\/span>par <\/span>les <\/span>PLU <\/span>et <\/span>la <\/span>l\u00e9gislation<\/span>. <\/span><\/span>Ainsi<\/span>, <\/span>la <\/span>liaison <\/span>de <\/span>bus <\/span>Val <\/span>de <\/span>Fontenay<\/span>–<\/span>Chelles <\/span>a <\/span><\/span>conduit <\/span>\u00e0 <\/span>l<\/span>\u2019<\/span>abattage <\/span>d<\/span>\u2019<\/span>alignements <\/span>d<\/span>\u2019<\/span>arbres <\/span>et <\/span>\u00e0 <\/span>la <\/span><\/span>consommation <\/span>de <\/span>sols <\/span>qui <\/span>n<\/span>\u2019<\/span>\u00e9taient <\/span>pas <\/span>encore <\/span><\/span>artificialis\u00e9s<\/span>. <\/span>Pourtant<\/span>, <\/span>ces <\/span>alignements <\/span><\/span>contribuent <\/span>\u00e0 <\/span>la <\/span>limitation <\/span>de <\/span>la <\/span>pollution <\/span>de <\/span>l<\/span>\u2019<\/span>air<\/span>, <\/span><\/span>par <\/span>l<\/span>\u2019<\/span>absorption <\/span>des <\/span>particules  <\/span>fines <\/span>notamment<\/span>, <\/span><\/span>au <\/span>rafra\u00eechissement<\/span>, <\/span>et <\/span>aux <\/span>d\u00e9placements <\/span>des <\/span><\/span>oiseaux <\/span>et <\/span>de <\/span>la <\/span>petite <\/span>faune<\/span>. <\/span>Les <\/span>sols <\/span>en <\/span>pleine <\/span><\/span>terre <\/span>sont <\/span>quant <\/span>\u00e0 <\/span>eux <\/span>n\u00e9cessaires <\/span>au <\/span>bon <\/span><\/span>d\u00e9roulement <\/span>du <\/span>cycle <\/span>de <\/span>l<\/span>\u2019<\/span>eau <\/span>et <\/span>\u00e0 <\/span>sa <\/span>filtration<\/span>, <\/span><\/span>jouant <\/span>par <\/span>ailleurs <\/span>un <\/span>r\u00f4le <\/span>d\u00e9terminant <\/span>dans <\/span>la <\/span><\/span>limitation <\/span>des <\/span>d\u00e9g\u00e2ts <\/span>dus <\/span>aux <\/span>inondations<\/span>. <\/span>Dans <\/span>le <\/span><\/span>m\u00eame <\/span>esprit<\/span>, <\/span>la <\/span>voie <\/span>de <\/span>contournement <\/span>de <\/span>Boissy<\/span>–<\/span><\/span>Saint<\/span>-L<\/span>\u00e9ger <\/span>a <\/span>tronqu\u00e9 <\/span>la <\/span>for\u00eat <\/span>de <\/span>la <\/span>Grange <\/span>en <\/span><\/span>deux<\/span>, <\/span>au <\/span>d\u00e9triment <\/span>de <\/span>la <\/span>circulation<\/span>, <\/span>et <\/span>donc <\/span>de <\/span>la <\/span><\/span>persistance<\/span>, <\/span>de <\/span>la <\/span>faune<\/span>. <\/span>Le <\/span>passage <\/span>\u00e0 <\/span>faune<\/span>, <\/span><\/span>promis <\/span>il <\/span>y <\/span>a <\/span>25 <\/span>ans<\/span>, <\/span>n<\/span>\u2019<\/span>a <\/span>jamais <\/span>vu <\/span>le <\/span>jour<\/span>. <\/span><\/span>On <\/span>salue <\/span>toutefois <\/span>la <\/span>promptitude <\/span>du <\/span><\/span>d\u00e9partement <\/span>\u00e0 <\/span>d\u00e9ployer <\/span>des <\/span>coronapistes<\/span>, <\/span>et <\/span>celle <\/span><\/span>des <\/span>communes <\/span>\u00e0 <\/span>\u00e9changer <\/span>autour <\/span>de <\/span>la <\/span>question <\/span><\/span>des <\/span>modes <\/span>de <\/span>mobilit\u00e9 <\/span>douce<\/span>. <\/span>\u00c0 <\/span>Champigny<\/span>, <\/span>des <\/span><\/span>travaux <\/span>ont <\/span>ainsi <\/span>\u00e9t\u00e9 <\/span>entrepris <\/span>pour <\/span>assurer <\/span>une <\/span><\/span>circulation <\/span>apais\u00e9e <\/span>en <\/span>ville<\/span>, <\/span>avec <\/span>zones <\/span>trente <\/span>et <\/span><\/span>plateaux <\/span>sur\u00e9lev\u00e9s <\/span>dans <\/span>les <\/span>carrefours<\/span>. <\/span>D<\/span>\u2019<\/span>autres <\/span><\/span>communes <\/span>peinent <\/span>\u00e0 <\/span>tirer <\/span>le <\/span>meilleur <\/span>parti <\/span>du <\/span><\/span>patrimoine <\/span>de <\/span>voirie<\/span>, <\/span>comme <\/span>au <\/span>Kremlin<\/span>–<\/span>Bic\u00eatre <\/span><\/span>o\u00f9 <\/span>la <\/span>voie <\/span>bus <\/span>en <\/span>site <\/span>propre <\/span>reste <\/span>\u00e0 <\/span>50km<\/span>\/<\/span>h <\/span><\/span>malgr\u00e9 <\/span>la <\/span>forte <\/span>fr\u00e9quentation  <\/span>pi\u00e9tonne<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Biodiversit\u00e9<\/h2>\n

Ainsi<\/span> en <\/span>Val<\/span>–<\/span>de<\/span>–<\/span>Marne<\/span>, <\/span>am\u00e9nagement<\/span> du<\/span> territoire <\/span><\/span>et <\/span>mobilit\u00e9 <\/span><\/span><\/span>ne <\/span>font<\/span> pas <\/span>bon <\/span>m\u00e9nage <\/span>avec <\/span><\/span>biodiversit\u00e9<\/span>. <\/span>On <\/span>signale <\/span>aussi <\/span>plusieurs <\/span>infractions <\/span><\/span>au <\/span>droit<\/span> de <\/span>la <\/span>protection<\/span> de <\/span>la <\/span>biodiversit\u00e9<\/span>, <\/span><\/span>comme<\/span> sur <\/span>l<\/span>\u2019<\/span>\u00eele <\/span>des<\/span> Loups<\/span>, <\/span>d\u00e9clar\u00e9e<\/span><\/span> inconstructible <\/span>et <\/span>pourtant <\/span>subissant <\/span>des <\/span>travaux<\/span>. <\/span><\/span>De <\/span>mani\u00e8re <\/span>g\u00e9n\u00e9rale<\/span>, <\/span><\/span>l<\/span>e<\/span>s <\/span>\u00ee<\/span>l<\/span>e<\/span>s <\/span>s<\/span>o<\/span>n<\/span>t <\/span><\/span>p<\/span>a<\/span>r<\/span>t<\/span>i<\/span>c<\/span>u<\/span>l<\/span>i<\/span>\u00e8<\/span>r<\/span>e<\/span>m<\/span>e<\/span>n<\/span>t<\/span> f<\/span>r<\/span>a<\/span>g<\/span>i<\/span>l<\/span>e<\/span>s <\/span>e<\/span>t <\/span>m<\/span>e<\/span>n<\/span>a<\/span>c<\/span>\u00e9<\/span>e<\/span>s<\/span><\/span>, <\/span>alors <\/span><\/span>m\u00eame<\/span> qu<\/span>\u2019<\/span>elles <\/span>fournissent <\/span>des <\/span>services <\/span><\/span>\u00e9cosyst\u00e9miques <\/span>majeurs <\/span>et <\/span>sont<\/span> un<\/span> lieu <\/span><\/span>strat\u00e9gique<\/span> pour <\/span>r\u00e9concilier <\/span>les <\/span>hommes<\/span> et <\/span>les <\/span><\/span>femmes <\/span>des <\/span>villes<\/span> avec <\/span>les<\/span> grands <\/span>cycles<\/span> de <\/span>l<\/span>\u2019<\/span>eau<\/span>, <\/span><\/span>de <\/span>l<\/span>\u2019<\/span>azote <\/span>et <\/span>du <\/span>carbone<\/span>.
Construire sur des \u00eeles diminue par exemple la <\/span>circulation de l\u2019air et donc, son renouvellement en <\/span>ville. <\/span><\/span><\/span>Il revient au d\u00e9partement de prot\u00e9ger les <\/span>\u00eeles, ayant gard\u00e9 leur gestion (en tant qu\u2019espaces <\/span>naturels sensibles) \u00e0 l\u2019issue des lois Maptamet<\/span>Notre. Il serait par ailleurs crucial d\u2019int\u00e9grer une<\/span> protection de principe des \u00eeles dans le SDRIF. <\/span>Par ailleurs, Val-de-Marne-Environnement aimerait <\/span>attirer l\u2019attention sur la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de renouveler <\/span>l\u2019approche de la gestion de la for\u00eat par l\u2019ONF, for\u00eat <\/span>qui constitue une part non n\u00e9gligeable du Val-de-<\/span>Marne. Il conviendrait d\u2019y int\u00e9grer les enjeux de <\/span>protection de la biodiversit\u00e9 et des services<\/span> \u00e9cosyst\u00e9miques qu\u2019elle fournit. Ainsi, la <\/span>conservation du bois mort est encore insuffisante<\/span> malgr\u00e9 des progr\u00e8s (\u00eelots de s\u00e9nescence pour 2,5%<\/span> du massif), de m\u00eame que celle du vieux bois. <\/span>Le <\/span>bois abattu pour cause de maladie pourrait <\/span>\u00eatre valoris\u00e9 et permettre la pr\u00e9servation<\/span> d\u2019autres individus<\/span>. Enfin, Val-de-Marne-E<\/span>nvironnement aimerait voir plus de maires se <\/span>saisir de la possibilit\u00e9 qu\u2019ils ont de prot\u00e9ger le <\/span>patrimoine b\u00e2ti et arbor\u00e9. A ce titre, la ville du<\/span> Perreux fait figure de bon \u00e9l\u00e8ve, avec son objectif<\/span> de coefficient de pleine terre \u00e0 30% de la totalit\u00e9 <\/span>de l\u2019unit\u00e9 fonci\u00e8re.<\/span>
<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Eau<\/h2>\n

Les<\/span> associations <\/span>du<\/span> Val<\/span>–<\/span>de<\/span>–<\/span>Marne <\/span>ont <\/span>\u00e9t\u00e9 <\/span>tr\u00e8s <\/span><\/span>mobilis\u00e9es <\/span>sur <\/span>la <\/span>pr\u00e9sence<\/span> de <\/span>nanoparticules <\/span>et <\/span>de <\/span><\/span>radio\u00e9l\u00e9ments<\/span> dans <\/span>l<\/span>\u2019<\/span>eau<\/span>, <\/span>du <\/span>fait <\/span>de<\/span> la <\/span>proximit\u00e9<\/span><\/span> de <\/span>la<\/span> centrale <\/span>de <\/span>Nogent<\/span>. <\/span>L<\/span>\u2019<\/span>Agence<\/span> de <\/span>l<\/span>\u2019<\/span>Eau <\/span>Seine-<\/span><\/span>Normandie <\/span>prend <\/span>d\u00e9sormais <\/span>en <\/span>compte<\/span> leur <\/span><\/span>pr\u00e9sence<\/span> dans<\/span> l<\/span>\u2019<\/span>\u00e9valuation<\/span> de <\/span>la <\/span>qualit\u00e9 <\/span>de <\/span>l<\/span>\u2019<\/span>eau<\/span>, <\/span><\/span>et <\/span>les <\/span>acteurs <\/span>du <\/span>d\u00e9partement<\/span> se <\/span>r\u00e9v\u00e8lent <\/span>plut\u00f4t <\/span><\/span>proactifs<\/span> dans<\/span> l<\/span>\u2019<\/span>am\u00e9lioration <\/span>de <\/span>la <\/span>qualit\u00e9<\/span> de <\/span>l<\/span>\u2019<\/span>eau<\/span>. <\/span><\/span>Ainsi<\/span>, <\/span>le <\/span>SAGE <\/span>Marne-<\/span>Confluence<\/span>, <\/span>adopt\u00e9<\/span>en<\/span>2018<\/span>,<\/span><\/span> pr\u00e9voit <\/span>que la <\/span>Marne<\/span> soit <\/span>baignable <\/span>d\u00e8s <\/span>2022<\/span>, <\/span>ainsi<\/span><\/span> que<\/span> la<\/span> restauration<\/span> de <\/span>la <\/span>Bi\u00e8vre.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Risques industriels<\/h2>\n

Les <\/span>risques <\/span>industriels<\/span> sont <\/span>peu <\/span>pr\u00e9sents <\/span>dans <\/span>le <\/span><\/span>Val<\/span>–<\/span>de<\/span>–<\/span>Marne<\/span>. <\/span>Des <\/span>mobilisations <\/span>ont <\/span>toutefois <\/span>eu <\/span><\/span>lieu<\/span> sur <\/span>la <\/span>question <\/span>des <\/span>antennes<\/span> relais<\/span>,<\/span> de <\/span>la <\/span><\/span>radioactivit\u00e9 <\/span>et<\/span> de<\/span> la<\/span> d\u00e9contamination<\/span> des<\/span> sols <\/span>par <\/span><\/span>les <\/span>hydrocarbu<\/span><\/span>res.<\/p>\n

 <\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

VAL DE MARNE Surface : 244km\u00b2 Nombre d\u2019habitants : 1,328 million (2019) Nombre d\u2019emplois : 517235 Deux p\u00f4les majeurs  : a\u00e9roport d\u2019Orly (170000 emplois) et le March\u00e9 d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat national de Rungis (1200 entreprises implant\u00e9es) Am\u00e9nagements L\u2019urbanisme du d\u00e9partement se caract\u00e9rise par un tissu pavillonnaire avec des zones de nature encore relativement pr\u00e9serv\u00e9es et dont le […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1042,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"ocean_post_layout":"full-screen","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","cybocfi_hide_featured_image":"yes","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1041","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-contribution","entry","has-media"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fne94.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1041"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fne94.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fne94.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fne94.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fne94.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1041"}],"version-history":[{"count":26,"href":"https:\/\/www.fne94.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1041\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1073,"href":"https:\/\/www.fne94.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1041\/revisions\/1073"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fne94.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1042"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fne94.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1041"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fne94.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1041"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fne94.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1041"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}